A Law Dictionary and Glossary

I. I In Scots law. To examine; to inquire into.

I. In old practice, to acknowledge. Cognovit, cognovit actionem: he has acknowledged, be has acknowledged the action; a written confession of the justice of an action, made after t

To live together as husband and wife; to live together at bed and board; to live together, as in the same house.

I I. In old English law. To live with, or together, as husband and wife; to be often with, or together; to cohabit

I. I. 1^ old English law. Coercion; the coercive power of a court; restraint without process of law.

I. In old English law. A co-heir, or joint heir. Co-hseredes: co-heirs. A term applied to copai-ceners, who constitute, as it were, one heir or body. Cohaeres particops cum co-hser

Coifa, 1. 1. In English practice. A covering for the head, formerly worn as a distinctive badge by Serjeants at law, — originally, it is supposed, to conceal the clerical tonsure.

I. In the civil law. Extortion

The Bont'ing or committing of a person to prison or gaol, by warrant or order, for a crime, or for contempt, or contumacy; a delivery to the custody of a sheriff or marshal, on sur

collibertus, conlibertns, pi. coliberti, I. I. Coliberti are inferior tenants mentioned in Domesday, thought to have been tenants in free socage by free rent

Connected by, or on the side; by the side and not in a direct line; depending upon; additional. Collateral assurance: an assurance in addition to some other assurance, as, a bond i

2. Z. Assessors; assistants and associates of the chancellor; former titles of masters in chancery.

I. A bringing or putting together; a throwing into one fund or mass; a comparison of two things by putting them, together; a conferring or bestowment of a thing; collation; contrib

In English ecclesiastical law. The conferring of a benefice by the bishop, where he has himself the advowson.

To gather together, as to gather money due by way of private debt, or money due government as for taxes or customs duties. Collect on delivery: a direction to a carrier to demand a

A person employed to demand money; a public officer whose duty it payment of money, as, for taxes, customs

I. I. In old English law. Persons lections for another; collectors.

I In the civil law. A colleague; with another.

I In the civil law. A co-legatee.

A collection, assemblage or company tion of persons, authorized by law, for duty or ofi Sce, or the attainment of some political or ecclesiastical.

I. In the civil law. An association the members of a trade; a corporation, lished by authority of law. Collegium collegium confirmed by special enactment, or an imperial constituti

I. I In a corporate capacity.

In English ecclesiastical endowed for a society or body corporate dent, and secular priests, as canons or

A striking, or running together with running foul of vessels, v. Allision.

I. I. In old English law. The

Z. I A hood or covering for the by Serjeants at law.

2. 2. Conversation; discourse. in slander which avers that the words plaintiff, — in a certain discourse or quio which he had with others, or with the of others.

An agreement between two or other by the forms of law, or to employ complishing some unlawful object; an and wife that one of them shall do or would give the other a ground for div

gr.-L In the civil law. Exchange. and receive payment of is to demand and receive duties, etc. appointed to make colone having the same power of persons; an associathe perfor Aance

I. and eng. Appearance as distinguished from reality; the exterior or prima fades of a thing. Color a rhetoribns appellatur probabilis alicujus rei caasa, qna quod falsum aot tarpe

Existing in semblance or appearance merely. Colourable pleading:: giving colour in pleading.

I. By or under color. Colore officii: by or under color of office; under pretense of oii Bcial authority.

I. I. In old English law. To lop or top, as trees;' to cut oflE the boughs. Colpatura: a lopping or topping of trees.

comaunder, I. fr. To commit or send. Comaundes a la prison: committed to prison.

i ?. In old English law. Fellow-barons; fellow-citizens.

In old English law. The formal trial of a doubtful cause or quai-rel, by the swords or batons of two champions, v. Battel; Ihiellum.

Union of persons or things; in the law of patents, union of parts, as of machines or machinery.

I. I. In old English law. A burner; an incendiary.

I. fr'. As; so; whereas. Come ceo que 11 ad, etc.: as that which he hath, etc. Come de det: as of duty. Come Dleu luy aide: so help him God. Come semble: as it appears.

To appear in court, as a party in an action at law. Come and defend: a phrase used at the commencement of pleas and demurrers to the declaration, expressing appearance, and defense

I. fr. Although; notwithstanding.

I. A companion, a follower or attendant; a count, an earl. An ot Rcial and honorary title of great antiquity and various application.

I. Comity; courtesy; civility. Comitas inter communitates

I. In old English law. A county or shire, — so called from the comes, or earl, who formerly had the government of it; an earldom; the county court; anciently a court of great digni

I. In the Roman law. General assemblies of the people, convened by the constitutional authority of some magistrate, in order to enact or repeal anything by their suffrages. Comitia

I. I. In old English law. A countess; the wife of an earl.

I. I. ' In old English law. The dignity and office of a comes, count or earl; the same with what was afterwards called comitatus.

Courtesy. Comity of nations: the courtesy by which one state recognizes or follows the laws of another, — an expression of the extent of the obligation one state is under to recogn

Companions, attendants or followers; retainers or adherents; earls or counts, v. Comes. Comites paleys, or palentynes: counts or earls who had the government of a county palatine;

L I. In old English law. To common; to enjoy the right of common.

commandry. In English law. An establishment belonging to the priory of St. John of Jerusalem, consisting usually of a manor, or chief messuage, with lands and tenements, under the

An act of authority, as of a magistrate or judge, in committing a person to prison; the act of inciting another to trans-

1. 1. A boundary or border; a common boundary, v. Marohiare.

The first existence of a thing; a start; a beginning. Commencement of a building': work done on the ground the effect of which is apparent. Commencement of a suit: such a proceedin

1. In mercantile law. An association in which capital is entrusted to individuals. In English ecclesiastical law. Commenda, or Commeuda retinere: a living or benefice commended by

In Louisiana law. A species of limited partnership.

I. In the civil law. To commend; to recommend a person; to commend or praise a thing, as an article offered for sale; to deposit; to lend; to e'ntrust a thing. In old European and

I. In the civil law. Commendation; praise or recomjnendation. v. Ea quce, etc.; Simplex, etc.

L I. In feudal law. One who entrusts himself to the protection of another.

In a strict sense, traffic in merchandise; in a general sense, an interchange of goods, or property of any kind, between nations or individuals, either by barter, or by purchase an

The law by which the commerce of nations is regulated. V. Maritime law.

I. In the civil law. Commerce; trafiic; the right or power of purchase and sale; power over a subject of sale. Commercium jure gentium commune esse debet, et non in monopolium et p

comminaltie, l.fr. The commonalty or people.

In English ecclesiastical law. Formerly an officer who exercised a bishop's jurisdiction in distant places of the diocese where there was no archdeacon.

To authorize or empower by virtue of a commission.

A person holding a commission for the discharge of certain duties, as the execution of a public office.

I. I. In old English law. A committer; one who committed or entrusted land to another to hold during his pleasura

To send to prison for a crime or for contempt or contumacy; to deliver to the custody of the sheriff or marshal, on surrender by

One or more persons to whom the consideration or management of any matter is committed or referred by court, or by consent of the parties to whom it belongs; tjie person to whom th

I. In old English law. To commit; to entrust or put in charge; to commit, or be guilty of; to send to; to send to prison or into custody. Committit jurator perjuriam quando, etc.:

I. He is committed; an order or minute, setting forth that the pei'son therein named is committed to the custody of the sheriff. Committitur piece: an instrument in the form of a b

I. In the civil law. Commixture or commixtion; a mixing together of things solid or dry, which belong to different persons. V. Confusio.

In old English law. Tenants and inhabitants, who had the right of common, in open fields or woods.

commune, I fr. In old English law. Commonalty.

I. In the civil law. To loan or lend; to give to another to be used.

In Scots law. A gratuitous loan for use.

I. In the civil law. An action of loan; an action for a thing lent.

I. In the civil law. A thing loaned; a grajtuitous loan of a specific thing.

I. In the civil law. A lender.

I. Advantage, benefit or profit. Coramodum ejus esse debet cujus periculum est: he who runs the risk ought to have the profit. Commodum ex injuria sua nemo habere debet: no man oug

A right to take a profit in the land of another, either with the owner, or with others, as to feed beasts, catch fish, dig turf, cut wood, or the like; a space of ground in a town

Customary, usual, ordinary; as, common appearance, assurance, bail, bond, care, count, informer, intendment, jury, traverse, etc.; originating with, or existing for, the public, or

Gomune laroun, ou comune robour: common robber. keep from view; to contrive to prevent disa thing or a fact; to suppress or to withhold of which good faith requires a disclosure, p

Entitled to common, — beasts either beasts of the plough as horses and oxen, or such as manure the land, as kine and sheep. Commonalt}^. In American law. One branch or division of

In English law. Persons having a right of common.

The commoners or people of England, as distinguished from the nobility, consisting of all such men of property in the kingdom as have not seats in the House of Lords; the popular b

In Scots law. Land possessed in common by different proprietors, or by those having acquired rights of servitude.

A dwelling in any place as an inhabitant, which consists in usually lying there; a mere temporary residence.

Staying or abiding; dwelling, or usually lying in a place.

I In the civil laiv. Persons dying together, in the same place, or from the same cause.

Commotum, 1. 1. In old English law. Half of a cantred or hundred in Wales, containing properly fifty villages; a great seigniory, including one or more manors; part of a seigniory.

I. Common. In old English law. Commune concilium regni: the common council of the realm; one of the names of parliament. Commune liospitium: a common inn. Commune placitum: a commo

I. In old English law. Common; common things, such as running water, the air, the sea and sea shores. Commnnia pastions between common persons, i. e, between other, as distinguishe

1. 1. In old English law. To commoners.

A talking or conferring, course without an agreement; conference, agreement; the act of imparting information tion so imparted; intercourse; connection,

I. In the civil law. An ing a common property.

I. Community of goods.

In Scots latv. The persons in the movable goods belonging to

Z. Common. Communis error: a ion or practice which has commonly been originally perhaps without adequate foundation common error makes law, i. e. sometimes munis opinio: common opi

In old English law. A community, Communitas regni Anglise: the general of England; one of the ancient names of naute.